The method named protection to short-circuit and surge of the receptors of electric energy
The offer is made by ICPE Bistrita, Romania. It refers to the realization of the technology and the method used for an electronic protection device for small electric energy consumers, such as: the households. The device offers protection to surge, short-circuit and over voltage. The proposed device presents the following advantages:
• High speed to decoupling, (maxim 10ms), being faster than the classical methods;
• No person is needed for maintenance because, after the power is lost, in the case of a short-circuit or surge, the return of the voltage is automatic (in the case of a short-circuit only after the cause was eliminated);
• Through action in two stages, at the appearance of some over voltages or over currents of low value, the average value of the voltage also decreases and the burden is not decoupled from the network, the device still being functional;
• Through the Internet communication interface, online data about the energy consumer can be communicated.
Between the protection device, the user and the electric energy supplier a bi-directional communication can be made through optional modules of web server, GPRS or Bluetooth types. The data taken and regarding the values of the voltage and current can be sent at a set distance and put at the disposal of the interested ones (the owner of the household or the electric energy supplier) so that:
• An events report that contains the type of the event and the hour/date of appearance
• Values of the consumption on a certain period
• The electric energy supplier can decouple the user if there are any works in the area and from administrative reasons.
• The values of admissible over current and over voltage can be programmed.
In order to detect the over current and the over voltage, the device contains a microcontroller. The analysis of the current absorbed and of the voltage is made by a microcontroller with a integrated digital analogue convertor. The analysis of the current is made with the help of a Hall transducer and the analysis of the voltage through recovery, filtering and division. When detecting a short circuit or a over voltage the microcontroller does not send seeding impulses for the triac through optodiac and the user is removed from the voltage.
The block scheme of the protection device for over current and over voltage is given in figure 1:
Figure 1
In order to detect the over current (short-circuit) and the over voltage, a device was conceived using an ATMEL ATmega8 microcontroller, destined for the power receptors. The analysis of the absorbed current and of the voltage is made by an ATMEL RISC microcontroller (de tip ATmega8) with an integrated digital analogue convertor. The analysis of the current is made with the help of a specialised current transducer (Hall transducer) of LA 100-P type and the analysis of the voltage through recovery, filtering and division. When detecting a sshort-circuit or an over voltage, the microcontroller does not send seeding impulses for the triac through optodiac and the user is removed from the voltage.
If an over voltage is detected, it is classified in:
• Not dangerous (+/- 3%) - and no measure is being taken;
• A bit dangerous (+/-10%) - and the angle of ignition of the triac is being modified. Considering the value of the over voltage a timer is programmed, a timer that settles the delay in seeding the triac (opening angle);
• Dangerous (over 10%) – the impulses towards the triac are being blocked.
1. The protection method assures the decoupling and re-coupling when passing through zero of the voltage so that both the user and the network are being protected.
2. The re-coupling of the voltage is made automatically, without the intervention of the user.
3. The energy supplier can remotely decouple de user.
4. The protection method is conceived as a two-stage protection. If an over voltage is detected or also an over current of low values, the triac is commanded for the lowering of the burden on voltage and if the over current or over voltage still increase, the burden is decoupled. The voltage is still measured and when returning to normal values the burden is refilled.
The device presents the following advantages: high decoupling speed, (maxim 10ms), the current to short circuit can be adjusted with high precision, high reaction speed to voltage increase in the network, precision adjustment of trash over voltage, thermal reduced dissipation in the case of a short circuit, the protection of the environmental electromagnetic field, commodity in exploitation and low cost. The flexibility of this device, due to the use of the microcontroller leads to the possibility of the implementation of other useful functions.
The microcontroller device can function independently from the computer. The connection with the computer allows that data can be remotely read.
In teste de functionalitate si performanta
Brevet de inventie nr.
NU
Societate pe actiuni
45 angajati
Fabricant de echipamente electrice sau electronice
Domeniul electric, electronic sau distributia energiei electrice
Productia in serie a dispozitivului sau investitii intr-o linie de productie